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本文选取不同类型的语法环境去测试“知道”的叙实功能,争取在较广的范围和较深的程度上对“知道”的叙实功能作出较为详尽的描写;着力弄清它预设宾语小句为真的叙实功能在各种句法语义环境下如何体现,并试图找到其叙实性的置信度变异的句法语义条件。文章先后选取了降级操作手段、主语的语义特征、疑问句以及非现实语气等不同类型的、由微观到宏观的句法语义环境去测试“知道”的叙实功能,得出的结论是:虽然“知道”的叙实性的置信度在有些语法环境下会增强或削弱,但总体来说,它预设其宾语小句为真的叙实功能还是比较稳定的,算是现代汉语中比较典型的叙实动词。
This article chooses different types of grammatical environments to test the narrative function of “knowing” and strives to make a more detailed description of the narrative function of “knowing” in a wider scope and deeper level. It presupposes that the real function of the object clause is true in various syntactic and semantic environments and tries to find the syntactic and semantic conditions of its de facto belief variation. The article has successively selected the different types of semantic features, interrogative sentences and non-realistic semantics of the subject, such as degraded operating means, the syntactic-semantic environment from microscopic to macro to test the narrative function of “knowing”, and concluded that although The credibility of the “knowing” realism will be enhanced or weakened under some grammatical circumstances. However, on the whole, it presupposes that the real function of its object clause is still relatively stable. Typical narrative verb.