在中西跨文化交际中,由于交际双方的文化背景不同,语用规则和交际准则不同,又缺少对对方文化知识的了解,在交际中经常出现语用错误,影响了交际质量.本文从祝贺与赞扬,打招呼、谦辞、比喻与联想等方面分析中西文化不同在交际时双方所产生的语用失误,从而提高人们跨文化交际的能力. In the intercultural communication between China and the West, due to different cultural backgrounds, different pragmatic rules and communicative standards, and lack of understanding of each other’s cultural knowledge, pragmatic errors often occur in communication, which affects the quality of communication.This paper starts from the congratulation and Praising, saying hello, modesty, metaphor and association etc, analyzes the pragmatic failures of both Chinese and western cultures in communication, so as to improve people’s ability of intercultural communication.