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肠道感染是我国儿童常见的感染性疾病之一，以腹泻为主要临床症状。了解我国儿童肠道感染病原学特征和对病原体进行快速精准的鉴定，在疾病的早期治疗和预防中至关重要。我国临床病原微生物的检测技术正在经历着从显微镜检到宏基因组测序的变革时代。“,”Intestinal infection is one of the most common infectious diseases in children in China, and the intestinal infection is often featured as the diarrhea the main clinical symptom. Systematically understanding the etiological characteristics of intestinal infection in children in China and efficiently detecting the pathogens are crucial on the early treatment and prevention of diseases. The detection technology of clinical pathogenic microorganisms in China is undergoing a revolutionary era from microscopic examination to metagenomic sequencing.