直肠癌腹会阴切除术后局部复发仍然是临床上的一个难题,大约20%直肠癌术后盆腔复发,而这些局部复发的病人40%没有远处转移,但生活质量和生存期受到明显的影响.分析局部复发的类型使能够建立一个添加放疗或化疗的随访系统。本文有助于外科医生识别哪些病人会发生局部复发和阐明局部失败的有关因素.病例和方法:法国某医院外科于1973～1980年对133例直肠癌施行了腹会阴切除术。这些病例原先未 Local recurrence of rectal cancer after perineal resection is still a clinical problem. About 20% of rectal cancers have pelvic recurrence after surgery. However, 40% of these patients with local recurrence have no distant metastasis, but their quality of life and survival time are significantly affected. The analysis of the type of local recurrence enables the establishment of a follow-up system with addition of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. This article will help surgeons identify which patients may experience local recurrence and identify factors related to local failure. Cases and Methods: A French hospital performed peritoneal perineal resection in 133 cases of rectal cancer from 1973 to 1980. These cases were not originally