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从国际人权法文件可以推演出少数民族权利的主体是属于少数民族的个人,而民族作为一个集体的存在亦被赋予主体资格;少数民族权利的内容广泛涵盖经济、政治、文化和生态领域的利益,但不包括民族自决权。民族认同、国家治理和社会公平三者共同构成宪法保护少数民族权利的基础,多民族国家普遍通过宪法宣告并保护少数民族权利。在我国,少数民族权利的宪法表述问题应更多地侧重于宪法的实施,包括确立宪法权利观念,构建配套法律体系,创新民族对话机制,改善权利救济模式等。
The main body from which ethnic minority rights can be derived from international human rights law documents is that of individuals belonging to ethnic minorities while the ethnicity as a collective is also empowered as the main body; the rights of ethnic minorities cover a wide range of interests in the economic, political, cultural and ecological fields , But does not include the right of peoples to self-determination. National identity, state governance and social fairness together form the basis for the constitutional protection of the rights of ethnic minorities. Multi-ethnic countries generally proclaim and protect the rights of ethnic minorities through the Constitution. In our country, the issue of constitutional representation of ethnic minority rights should be more focused on the implementation of the Constitution, including establishing the concept of constitutional rights, establishing a complementary legal system, innovating the mechanism of national dialogue and improving the right relief model.