论文部分内容阅读
目的 探讨幼儿血铅水平、铅中毒等级及流行率的年龄分布特点和影响因素。方法 在太原市某居民区 ,随机抽取某托幼机构 395名 2～ 6岁儿童为研究对象。采指端末梢血 2 0 μl,原子吸收石墨炉法测定血铅 ,同时对个人及家庭情况进行调查。 结果 幼儿血铅均值为 2 54 .2 μg/L ,几何均值为 1 94.2 μg/L ,铅中毒流行率 77.47% ,以重度铅中毒居多 (51 .65 % )。 2岁组血铅水平、铅中毒流行率最高 ,随年龄增加逐渐降低 (P <0 .0 5) ,重度铅中毒也有随年龄逐渐降低的趋势 (P >0 .0 5) ;吸吮、咬手指、饭前不洗手的幼儿血铅水平、铅中毒率显著高于对照组。结论 年龄越小 ,对铅污染越为易感 ;2岁左右可能是儿童铅暴露的关键时期 ;不良的个人卫生习惯增加了铅吸收的风险。
Objective To investigate the age distribution characteristics and influencing factors of blood lead level, lead poisoning grade and prevalence in children. Methods In a residential area of Taiyuan, 395 children aged 2 ~ 6 years were randomly selected as the research object. Finger tip end of the blood 20 l, atomic absorption graphite furnace method for the determination of blood lead, both for personal and family conditions were investigated. Results The average blood lead level of toddlers was 2 54.2 μg / L, the geometric mean was 1 94.2 μg / L, the prevalence of lead poisoning was 77.47%, and the majority of severe lead poisoning was 51.65%. The prevalence of lead poisoning in the 2-year-old group was the highest with the highest prevalence of lead poisoning and gradually decreased with age (P <0.05). Severe lead poisoning also tended to decrease with age (P> 0.05) , Pre-meal children do not wash their hands blood lead levels, lead poisoning was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions The younger, the more susceptible to lead pollution; about 2 years old may be a critical period of childhood lead exposure; poor personal hygiene habits increase the risk of lead absorption.