小麦叶锈菌生理小种研究(1982—1983)(续报九)

来源 :河北农业大学学报 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:yinxiaoyi5858
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本研究本年度共鉴定了来自全省25个省、市、自治区377份标样,共鉴定出46个生理小种和一个洛10类群。其中出现10次以上的小种及其出现频率有60(22%),376(原叶3)(15·6%),366(6·1%),160(5·6%),0(4·5%),64(3·4%),364(3·2%)和164(2·9%)。抗病育种工作仍应以小种60和376(原叶3)为主要对象对其他出现频率在3%左右的小种也不可忽视。出现10次以下的有20个,只出现一次的有18个对洛夫林10有毒力的洛10类群又进一步发展。本年度又发现12种类型,仍以小种61(2·1%)和377(2·1%)为主。自从1975年在河北省第一次发现洛10类型以来,截今止已发现这一类群共包括有32种类型,发现的地理范围已普及21省、市、自治区。这一类群中的不同类型对育种部门用作抗病亲本的洛夫林10,洛夫林13,山前,高加索等都有毒力,应引起抗病育种工作的高度重视。关于调整鉴别寄主,为了承上继下,我组仍保留和采用了原8个寄主,但试用了8个新后备寄主,这些寄主大部分是抗源。通过研究,可以直接看出抗源与叶锈菌之间的相互作用,为抗病育种工作提供直接的情报。比采用与生产有关的但高度感病并无鉴别作用的寄主如东方红3号,丰产3号,太山1号等和有鉴别作用但与生产无关的寄主如6068,IRN66—331 Redman等要有用和直接,并且通过寄主和病原物相互作用的研究,为遗传研究积累资料也有好处。在原8个寄主的基础上加新8个寄主进行小种鉴定,进一步看出用原8个寄主鉴定的小种,又可以进一步划分为若千个毒力不同的类型,它们的毒力,可以有很大的差别。更看出原来沿用的传统方法,其有用性是局限的,应加以改进。本文讨论了本研究工作的改进意见。 A total of 377 samples from 25 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in the province were identified in this study. A total of 46 physiological races and 10 Luo population were identified. There were more than 10 races and their occurrence frequency of 60 (22%), 376 (15.6%), 366 (6.1%), 160 4.5%), 64 (3.4%), 364 (3.2%) and 164 (2.9%). Disease-resistant breeding should still be the race 60 and 376 (original leaf 3) as the main target of other occurrences of about 3% of the races can not be ignored. There were 20 occurrences below 10 times, and only 18 occurrences once again occurred. In the current year, 12 more types were found, which are still dominated by races 61 (2.1%) and 377 (2.1%). Since the first discovery of the Lo 10 type in Hebei Province in 1975, a total of 32 types of this group have been found so far, and the geographical scope of discovery has been popularized in 21 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. Different types of this group of Lovrin 10, Lovrin 13, piedmont, Caucasus and other virulences that are used by breeding departments as resistant parents should be given the highest priority for disease-resistant breeding. On the adjustment of the identification of the host, in order to inherit the succession, I still retain and use the original group of eight hosts, but the trial of eight new host candidates, most of these hosts are anti-source. Through the research, we can directly see the interaction between anti-source and leaf rust, providing direct information for the disease-resistant breeding. Hosts such as Dongfanghong-3, Fengshen-3, and Tai-shan-1, which are related to production but are highly susceptible to the disease and have no distinguishing effect, and hosts that have a discriminating function but are not related to production such as 6068, IRN66-331 Redman Useful and direct, and through the study of host-pathogen interactions, it is also beneficial to accumulate data for genetic research. On the basis of the original 8 hosts, 8 new hosts were added for the identification of the small ones. It is further seen that the small ones identified by the original 8 hosts can be further divided into several types of different virulences. Their virulence can be There is a big difference. It can also be seen that the usefulness of the traditional method originally used is limited and should be improved. This article discusses the improvement of this research.
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