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目的探讨流行性感冒病毒裂解疫苗和23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗联合接种在防治慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者中的临床意义。方法将84例COPD患者随机分为联合疫苗组,流感疫苗组和对照组。联合疫苗组于观察开始前注射23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗1次,并与我国流感高发季节前2周每年接种流行性感冒病毒裂解疫苗1次;流感疫苗组仅每年接种流感疫苗1次。对照组常规进行解痉平喘,化痰止咳,抗菌消炎等对症治疗。观察3组患者咳嗽、咳痰、气喘症状,每2周随访一次,连续随访2年,记录随访期间急性发作次数、天数、住院次数、平均住院天数、再发肺部感染的相距时间及死亡率。3组间进行对比回顾性分析。结果联合疫苗组急性发作次数、天数、住院次数、平均住院天数均明显低于流感疫苗组及对照组,且再发肺部感染的间距时间延长。结论流行性感冒病毒裂解疫苗和23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗联合接种能有效减少COPD感染复发率,是临床上防治COPD患者急性发作的一种有效方法,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the combination of influenza virus split vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Eighty-four patients with COPD were randomly divided into combined vaccine group, influenza vaccine group and control group. The combination vaccine group was injected with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine once a day before the start of the observation and was inoculated with influenza virus lysis vaccine once a year for two weeks before the onset of influenza in our country. The influenza vaccine group was only vaccinated once a year. Control group conventional spasm and asthma, phlegm and cough, anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory symptomatic treatment. The cough, expectoration and asthma symptoms were observed in 3 groups. The patients were followed up every 2 weeks and followed up for 2 years. The number of acute attacks, days, hospitalizations, average days of hospitalization, time to pulmonary infection and mortality in follow-up were recorded . 3 groups were compared between the retrospective analysis. Results The number of acute episodes, days, hospitalizations and average length of hospital stay in the combination vaccine group were significantly lower than those in the influenza vaccine group and the control group, and the intervals of recurrent pulmonary infections were prolonged. Conclusions The combined vaccination of influenza virus split vaccine and 23pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine can effectively reduce the recurrence rate of COPD infection. It is an effective method for prevention and treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD clinically and is worthy of clinical application.