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杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.),又名丝棉木,属于杜仲科,杜仲属的落叶乔木,树高可达15～20米,胸径能达60厘米以上。杜仲是我国的特用经济树种。主要分布于四川、贵州、湖南和湖北等省。此外,在陕西、云南、广西、浙江、安徽和河南等省的山区也有零星栽培。该树材质优良,木材坚韧,纹理细致,不翘不裂,适合精制各种家俱和做建筑材料。而且,树体内(除木材之外)含有丰富的马来橡胶成分,是制取硬橡胶的主要原料。树皮、树叶为我国特产著名中药,种子可以榨油。我所于1958年开始引种栽培。现将引种栽培的结果报告如下:
Eucommia (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.), Also known as cotton, belonging to Eucommiaceae, Eucommia deciduous trees, tree height up to 15 to 20 meters, diameter can reach more than 60 cm. Eucommia is our country’s special economic tree species. Mainly distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei provinces. In addition, mountainous areas in Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui and Henan provinces also have sporadic cultivation. The material of the tree is good, the wood is tough, the texture is meticulous, the wood is not cracked, suitable for refining all kinds of furniture and building materials. Moreover, the tree body (except wood) is rich in malay rubber ingredients, is the main raw material for the preparation of hard rubber. Bark, leaves famous Chinese medicine for the specialty, the seeds can be squeezed oil. I started planting and planting in 1958. The results of introduction and cultivation are reported as follows: