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目的了解2012—2015年北京市顺义区某汽车零部件企业涉苯车间检测情况及职业健康检查状况,为制定有效职业病防治措施提供依据。方法对2012—2015年顺义区某汽车零部件企业涉苯车间检测结果及职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果 4年累计采集54个检测点共216件样品,点超标率为29.63%,件超标率为9.72%,对存在超标的年份的超标率进行比较,件超标率差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=13.202,P<0.01)。检测样品中,甲苯、二甲苯的点超标率均为38.89%,苯较低为11.11%,对存在超标的年份三苯超标率分别进行比较,只有甲苯和二甲苯件超标率差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);2012—2015年三苯时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)及短时间接触浓度(C_(STEL)),只有甲苯(F=4.858,P<0.05)和二甲苯(F=3.987,P<0.05)的C_(STEL)差异具有统计学意义。4年共有682名涉苯工人做了职业健康检查,血常规异常检出率为11.9%,对4年的异常检出率进行比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.138,P>0.05)。结论 2012—2015年顺义区某汽车零部件企业涉苯车间中三苯空气浓度及职业健康检查超标现象依然存在,该企业应改善生产环境,加强职业健康监护。
Objective To understand the detection status of benzene-related workshops and occupational health check-ups of an auto parts enterprise in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2012 to 2015 and provide the basis for effective prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods The detection results and occupational health examination results of benzene-related workshops in an auto parts enterprise in Shunyi District during 2012-2015 were analyzed. Results A total of 216 samples were collected at 54 checkpoints over a period of 4 years. The point exceeding standard rate was 29.63% and the rate of exceeding the standard was 9.72%. The rate of exceeding the standard rate was compared with those with excessive standard rates. 2 = 13.202, P <0.01). In the test samples, the over-standard rates of toluene and xylene were 38.89% and 11.11%, respectively. Comparing the over-standard excess of triphenylbenzene in the years with the exceeding standard respectively, only the difference between the over-standard rates of toluene and xylene was statistically significant (F = 4.858, P <0.05) and xylene (F = 3.987, P <0.05). The mean concentrations of CTWA and STEL in the period from 2012 to 2015 were only higher , P <0.05) of C_ (STEL) difference was statistically significant. A total of 682 benzene-related workers were investigated for occupational health in 4 years. The abnormality rate of blood tests was 11.9%. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of 4 years (χ ~ 2 = 2.138, P> 0.05 ). Conclusion In 2012-2015, the excessive concentration of benzene and benzene in the benzene-related workshop of an auto parts enterprise in Shunyi District persisted. The enterprise should improve the production environment and strengthen the occupational health monitoring.