目的:探讨氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物致过敏性休克的临床特点及相关因素,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法:对2005—2012年国内公开报道的137例喹诺酮类抗菌药所致过敏性休克进行统计分析。结果:137例休克患者中,年龄分布以21~50岁之间较多,占总数的62.8%。过敏性休克速发型(发生在30 min之内)的占66.4%,迟发型过敏性休克占33.6%。比较休克时几种意识状态、舒张压与恢复时间关系,发现本组休克患者恢复时间与意识状态无统计学意义,但与舒张压的高低有关。舒张压越低,恢复时间越长(R=-0.435,P=0.000)。几组治疗药与休克恢复时间关系,用等级相关分析得出:R=0.441,P=0.000,表明恢复时间与使用药物种类呈正比,即联合用药越多,恢复时间越长。“肾上腺素(adrenaline,AD)+地塞米松(dexamethasone,DXM)等四联”组与“AD+DXM”组比较,前者恢复时间明显长于后者(t=3.825,P=0.000)。分析休克时舒张压高低与治疗药的关系,发现舒张压越低,使用“AD+DXM等四联”越多(R=-0.357,P=0.000)。结论:氟喹诺酮类抗菌药致过敏性休克在国内已不再罕见,且迟发型比例较高,应警惕。休克一旦发生,应正确诊断和治疗。对于血压极低的过敏性休克患者,宜尽早使用AD+DXM等多药和积极采取其他急救措施。 Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and related factors of fluoroquinolone antibiotics-induced anaphylactic shock and provide reference for clinical safety medication. Methods: Statistical analysis of 137 cases of quinolone antibiotics-induced anaphylactic shock was conducted in China from 2005 to 2012. Results: Of the 137 shock patients, the distribution of age was between 21 and 50 years old, accounting for 62.8% of the total. Anaphylactic shock accounted for 66.4% of the episodes (occurring within 30 minutes), and delayed anaphylactic shock accounted for 33.6%. When comparing several states of consciousness, the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and recovery time, it was found that there was no significant difference in the recovery time and the state of consciousness among the patients with shock, but related to the level of diastolic blood pressure. The lower the diastolic blood pressure, the longer the recovery time (R = -0.435, P = 0.000). Several groups of therapeutic drugs and the relationship between the recovery time of shock, using rank correlation analysis: R = 0.441, P = 0.000, indicating that the recovery time and the use of drugs is proportional to the type, that is, the more the combination of drugs, the longer the recovery time. The recovery time of the former was significantly longer than that of the latter (t = 3.825, P = 0.000) compared with the “AD + DXM” group such as adrenaline, dexamethasone (DXM) ). Analysis of the relationship between the level of diastolic blood pressure and therapeutic drug in shock found that the lower the diastolic blood pressure, the more “quadruple” “AD + DXM” (R = -0.357, P = 0.000). Conclusion: Fluoroquinolone antibiotics induced anaphylactic shock is no longer rare in China, and a higher proportion of delayed type should be vigilant. Shock in the event of diagnosis and treatment should be correct. For patients with very low blood pressure anaphylactic shock, multi-drug such as AD + DXM and other first-aid measures should be taken as soon as possible.