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解放以来,我国岩石地下建筑发展很快,兴建了大批岩石地下洞库、厂房等等。水利电力建设方面,已有不少大、中型地下厂房和引水隧洞在运行;交通方面,仅成昆铁路一线就有四百多座隧道,还有不少地下车站;国防军工方面则地下工厂、仓库或其他地下设施更多。通过各行业广泛的工程实践,在勘测、设计、施工和科研各方面都积累了不少经验有待总结,在技术上也提出了许许多多的问题有待解决。本文试就岩石地下建筑技术上的首要问题——围岩稳定性问题,用岩石力学的观点和方法作一粗略的分析,并就研究地下洞室稳定性的途径提出一些初步意见。
Since the liberation, the rapid development of China’s rock underground construction, the construction of a large number of rock underground caverns, factories and so on. In terms of water conservancy and power construction, many large and medium-sized underground power plants and diversion tunnels are under operation. In terms of traffic, there are over 400 tunnels along the line of Cheng-Kun Railway and many underground stations. In the defense industry, the underground factories, More warehouses or other underground facilities. Through a wide range of engineering practice in various industries, a great deal of experience has been accumulated in surveying, designing, construction and scientific research. Many technical problems have yet to be solved. This paper tries to make a rough analysis on the rockmass underground construction technology’s primary problem - the stability of the surrounding rock, using the viewpoints and methods of rock mechanics, and puts forward some preliminary opinions on how to study the stability of underground caverns.