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针对内部结构复杂的复合材料风力机叶片,基于等代设计法,对某3 MW叶片进行复合材料初始铺层设计,建立完整的有限元参数化模型。基于修正的叶素动量理论和有限元法,提出一种全新的风力机叶片气动弹性耦合分析方法。将该方法与改进的遗传算法结合,以叶片质量最小和扭转变形最小为优化目标,以复合材料单层厚度、主梁位置等作为优化设计变量,建立叶片的优化设计模型,并进行优化设计。优化结果表明,相比初始叶片,优化叶片的质量有较大的减小,同时可减小叶片的扭振变形量,提高叶片在气动弹性影响下的功率。该研究对于风力机叶片的气动结构一体化设计具有重要的指导意义。
Aiming at the complex structure of composite wind turbine blades with internal structure, based on the equivalent design method, the initial composite layer design of a 3 MW blade was established and a complete finite element parametric model was established. Based on the modified theory of elemental momentum and the finite element method, a new method of aerodynamic coupling analysis of wind turbine blades is proposed. Combining this method with the improved genetic algorithm, the optimization design model of the blade is established based on the optimization of the blade thickness and the position of the main girder, with the minimum blade mass and the minimum torsional deformation as the optimization objective. The results of optimization show that compared with the initial blade, the quality of the optimized blade is greatly reduced, and the torsional vibration of the blade can be reduced and the power of the blade under the influence of aeroelasticity can be increased. The research is of great significance to the integrated design of aerodynamic structure of wind turbine blades.