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慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者可以合并肺动脉高压（ PH），逐渐发展导致慢性肺源性心脏病。肺泡缺氧引起肺血管收缩和重塑是PH形成的原因。肺血管由动脉、静脉和毛细血管网组成。长期以来，肺动脉在PH发病中的作用受到关注，而肺静脉受到忽视。研究表明同肺动脉一样肺静脉在低氧时也会出现肺静脉的收缩和重塑，低氧时肺静脉在PH形成中的作用值得思考。“,”Pulmonary hypertension ( PH) may occur as a complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and progressively leads to chronic cor pulmonale.In the pulmonary vasculature,exposure to hypoxia is associated with vasoconstriction and vasculature remodeling which contributes to PH .Pulmonary vessels con-sist of the arteries,microvessels,and veins.In the past,pulmonary arteries attracted much attention while pul-monary veins were seen simply as conduit vessels and were overlooked.Increasing evidence indicates an im-portant role of pulmonary vein in regulation of pulmonary circulation.Hypoxia also could cause contraction and remodeling in the pulmonary vein.