目的探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产儿母亲的需求与家庭功能的关系。方法选取2016年8-11月在宁夏3家三级甲等综合医院及1家三级甲等专科医院NICU住院的早产儿母亲为研究对象。将家庭关怀度指数问卷得分为0~6分的早产儿母亲记为家庭功能障碍组,7~10分的早产儿母亲记为家庭功能良好组。采用家庭关怀度指数问卷和中文版新生儿重症监护病房患儿家长需求量表(NICU-FNI)对满足纳入标准的NICU早产儿母亲进行问卷调查。结果 NICU早产儿母亲的需求总分为(116.64±22.19)分,家庭功能总分为(7.04±1.39)分,家庭功能良好者307例(46.80%),家庭功能障碍者349例(53.20%)。家庭功能障碍组NICU早产儿母亲的需求总分高于家庭功能良好组(P<0.05)。NICU早产儿母亲的需求总分、信息需求、保证需求、支持需求及舒适需求均与家庭功能呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 NICU早产儿母亲的需求与家庭功能密切相关,可通过提高NICU早产儿母亲的家庭支持度来降低早产儿母亲的需求,最终促进NICU早产儿母亲身心健康和医患关系和谐。 Objective To explore the relationship between mothers’ needs and family functions in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) preterm infants. Methods From March to November in 2016, mothers of NICU hospitalized in NICU of 3 Grade A First-class General hospitals and 1 Grade-3 specialist hospitals in Ningxia were selected as research subjects. Mothers of premature infants who scored 0-6 for the Family Care Index were recorded as family dysfunction and mothers of 7-10 preterm infants were recorded as family functioning. Questionnaire of Family Care Index and NICU-FNI were used to survey the mothers of NICU who met the inclusion criteria. Results The total demand for preterm infants with NICU in NICU was (116.64 ± 22.19) points, the total family function score was (7.04 ± 1.39) points, 307 families (46.80%) had good family functioning and 349 cases (53.20%) had family dysfunction. . The total demand for mothers with NICU in familial dysfunction group was higher than that in the family well-functioning group (P <0.05). Neonatal mothers’ total demand, information needs, assurance needs, support needs and comfort needs were negatively correlated with family functioning (P <0.05). Conclusion Neonatal mothers with preterm infants in NICU are closely related to their family functions and can reduce the need of mothers in mothers with prenatal NICU by raising the family support rate of mothers in NICU and ultimately promote the mother’s physical and mental health and the harmonious relationship between doctors and patients in preterm infants with NICU.