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长沙话里“咖”既不是传统意义上的完成体标记,也不是用来表示动作结果的补语。相反“咖”的用法与事件界限密切相关,是一个事件界限的标记,被用来标记事件的发展到了一定的程度或界限。相比之下,“哒”用来标记完成体。不过与一般意义上的完成体意义不同,“哒”表示一个事件已经完成了状态的转变,所表征的事件保持状态转变后的动作或状态。“咖”和“哒”分别作用于两个不同的语法层面。“咖”作用于事件界限层面,标记事件发生的界限;而“哒”作用于语法体层面,标记事件被陈述的方式。这样处理的最大优点是为传统意义上的体标记的复合形式提供一个新的视角。
Changsha dialect “coffee ” is neither the body mark in the traditional sense of completion, nor is it used to indicate the complement of the action results. On the contrary, the usage of “coffee” is closely related to the boundary of the event and is a mark of the boundary of the event, which is used to mark the development of the event to a certain extent or limit. In contrast, “da ” is used to mark the completion body. However, in the general meaning of the meaning of the different body, “da ” said an event has completed the state of change, the event is characterized by the preservation of state action or state after the change. “Coffee ” and “da ” act on two different grammatical levels. “Ca ” acts on the level of the event, marking the boundaries of the event; and “da” acts on the grammatical level, marking the way the event is stated. The biggest advantage of this approach is that it provides a new perspective for the composite form of body markings in the traditional sense.