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管壳式换热器是化工、炼油、动力、原子能和其它工业部门广泛应用的一种工艺设备，换热器在使用中管子与管板常常发生开裂，导致泄漏，给生产造成巨大损失。本文结合某中压废锅泄露事故，通过有限元对换热器管板与管子开裂基于XFEM方法数值模拟，并与实际管板开裂进行对比，分析潜在的裂纹生成和扩展区域，为确定事故原因提供一定的参考依据。“,”Tube shell type heat exchanger is widely used in chemical industry, oil reifning, power generation, nuclear energy and other industrial sectors as a process equipment, in which crack often happens in usage causing leakage and huge losses. Combined with pressure waste heat boiler leakage accident, through ifnite element simulation of heat exchanger tube plate and the tube cracking based on XFEM method, and comparing with the actual tube plate cracking, this paper analyses potential crack generation and extension area, provides a reference to determine the cause of the accident.