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根据“压力容器安全监察规程”(以下简称“规程”)第43条l、3规定,容器出厂前应按要求制作焊接试板(以下简称试板),并作机械性能试验(σ_b、α_k、冷弯等)。试板机械性能试验如不合格(允许复验一次),则试样代表的容器焊缝为不合格。焊缝如不返修、则这台产品就得报废。我厂生产中引起试板试验不合格的主要原因是冷弯不合格,占试板不合格率的95％以上。影响试板冷弯结果的因素很多(见图1),主要是焊接接头的性能——塑性、连续性,特别是接头的表层质量如咬边、根部未焊透等影响更大。
According to “Pressure Vessel Safety Supervision Regulations” (hereinafter referred to as the “Rules”) 43rd l, 3 provides that the container should be manufactured before the welding test panels (hereinafter referred to as test panels), and for mechanical performance tests (σ_b, α_k, Cold bend, etc.). Test plate mechanical properties such as failure (retest allowed once), the specimen on behalf of the container weld is unqualified. If the weld is not repaired, then this product must scrapped. The main reason that caused the test plate test to fail in our factory production is the unqualified cold bend, accounting for more than 95% of the unqualified test board rate. Many factors affect the test results of cold-rolled test panels (see Figure 1), mainly the performance of welded joints - plasticity, continuity, especially joint surface quality such as undercut, root penetration is more affected.