对围岩运动规律的认识,对顶板采取针对性的控制措施,分析研究单体面顶板控制设计的基本理论与方法步骤,将对大幅度降低顶板事故、实现安全生产起到积极作用。本文试图从岩层运动发展的角度对顶板控制设计理论中几个基本问题作一探讨。一、需控岩层范围及其确定方法悬露岩层在纵向上的运动一般都要经历图1所示的发展过程。一部分岩层因下部允许运动的空间高度超过其运动极限而发展到垮落,形成直接顶。垮落后,这部岩层在控顶区内暂时甲支柱和煤壁承担。直接顶上部的岩层由于受下部允许运动空间高度的限 The understanding of the laws of surrounding rock movement, taking specific control measures on the roof, analyzing and studying the basic theory and method steps of the control design of single-sided roof, will play a positive role in greatly reducing the roof accident and realizing safety production. This paper tries to discuss some basic problems in roof control design theory from the perspective of rock movement development. First, the need to control the scope and determination of rock strata The rock in the vertical movement of the rock generally have to go through the development shown in Figure 1. A portion of the rock formation develops to collapse due to the spatial height of the lower part allowing movement to exceed its movement limit, forming a direct top. After the collapse, the rock was temporarily occupied by a pillar and a coal wall in the roof area. The rock formation directly overhead is limited by the height of the space allowed for movement below