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通过实验室分析和盆栽试验表明，湘南地区几种土壤中的钾、镁以非酸溶态为主，土壤中的有效态钾、镁相对较少，不能满足作物生长的需求，而土壤中的钙以交换态为主，钙供应充分；施用钾肥对玉米生物产量的影响与施用镁肥密切相关，在镁的基础上施钾，钾肥的效果显著，在湘南红壤区的第四纪红土红壤、砂岩红壤、板页岩红壤上施镁有显著效果，而棕色石灰土和石灰性紫色土，镁肥作用相对较少，红壤缺镁已成为湘南农业生产的重要限制因子之一，施钙对玉米生物产量没有显著作用，表明湘南红壤不缺钙，在施肥上应提倡Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｍｇ配合施用。
Through laboratory analysis and pot experiment, it was found that potassium and magnesium in several soils of southern Hunan were mainly non-acid soluble, and the available potassium and magnesium in soils were relatively few and could not meet the needs of crop growth. However, Calcium is mainly exchangeable and calcium supply is sufficient. The effect of applying potassium fertilizer on maize biomass is closely related to the application of magnesium fertilizer. The effect of applying potassium and potash fertilizer on the basis of magnesium is remarkable. In Quaternary red soil, In the red sandstone and shale red soils, the application of magnesium has a significant effect, while the brown limestone, limestone purple and magnesium fertilizers have relatively little effect. The red soil deficient magnesium has become one of the important limiting factors for agricultural production in southern Hunan. Biomass yield had no significant effect, indicating that red soil in Southern Hunan is not deficient in calcium, N, P, K and Mg should be promoted in fertilization.