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目的对云南省部分地区鸽粪中新型隐球菌进行分离鉴定,并对各个地区鸽粪中新型隐球菌带菌率进行调查。方法采集云南省4个城市鸽粪标本共473份,用黑米琼脂培养基对其进行分离,肉眼观察菌落形态、颜色,光学显微镜下观察菌体形态,对疑似菌落进行纯培养后用特异性引物CN4和CN5扩增URA5基因,阳性者鉴定为新型隐球菌,并用SPSS16.0对其结果进行统计分析。结果云南省4个地区473份鸽粪标本中共分离出152株新型隐球菌,平均阳性率为32.13%。其中大理地区阳性率为26.08%,昭通阳性率为30.05%,曲靖阳性率为81.81%,临沧阳性率为37.03%。4个地区阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.87,P<0.01)。结论云南地区鸽粪中新型隐球菌带菌率较高,且不同地区带菌率不同。
Objective To isolate and identify Cryptococcus neoformans from pigeon droppings in parts of Yunnan Province and investigate the prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans in pigeon droppings in various areas. Methods A total of 473 pigeon samples collected from 4 cities of Yunnan Province were collected and separated with black rice agar medium. Colony morphology and color were observed with naked eyes. The morphology of the cells was observed under an optical microscope. After the pure culture of the suspected colonies, Primers CN4 and CN5 amplified URA5 gene, positive identified as Cryptococcus neoformans, and SPSS16.0 statistical analysis of the results. Results A total of 152 strains of Cryptococcus neoformans were isolated from 473 pigeon samples in 4 districts of Yunnan Province, with an average positive rate of 32.13%. The positive rate of Dali was 26.08%, the positive rate of Zhaotong was 30.05%, the positive rate of Qujing was 81.81%, and the positive rate of Lincang was 37.03%. There were significant differences in the positive rates among the four regions (χ2 = 41.87, P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans in pigeon feces in Yunnan Province is higher than that in other regions.