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法律翻译要求语言功能和法律功能上的对等。但中国和英美国家属于不同的法系,两者在社会制度、历史、文化等方面有深刻的不同。因此翻译中大量的法律术语无法找到一对一的确切对等词。许多术语貌似对等其实有微妙的差别,从而导致了误译、错译的现象。本文根据语义场的理论,探讨通过语义场分析的方法,对英汉法律术语的语义进行确切的界定,以找到合适的对等词。
Legal translation requires equivalence in language functions and legal functions. However, China, Britain, and the United States belong to different legal systems, and they have profound differences in social systems, history, and culture. Therefore, a large number of legal terms in translation cannot find one-on-one exact equivalence. Many seemingly equivalent equivalences have subtle differences, resulting in mistranslations and mistranslations. Based on the semantic field theory, this paper discusses the semantic field analysis method and defines the semantics of legal terms in English and Chinese to find the right equivalence.