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我們在第一講里已經提到焊接后結构的变形是不可避免的。虽然我們在备料、装配和焊接过程中想了不少办法加以防止和减小,但是,变形总是会在生产中山現的。因此变形的矫正是十分必要的工作。通常,結构变形的矫正有两种方法,即冷加工法和火焰矫正法。冷加工法是用人力或机械力來进行的。这种方法会使金屬因冷作过度而变脆。火焰矫正法是用火焰局部加热来矫正变形的,效果很大,但会引起附加的內应力。因此在結构較小和变形较小时用冷作法比較好,在結构較大或变形較大时,用火焰矫正法比較好。
We have already mentioned in the first lecture that the deformation of the structure after welding is inevitable. Although we think of a lot of ways to prevent and reduce during the preparation, assembly and welding, the deformation always appears in the production of Zhongshan. Therefore, the correction of deformation is a very necessary work. In general, there are two methods of correcting structural deformation, that is, cold working and flame straightening. Cold working method is to use human or mechanical force to carry out. This method will make the metal become too cold and become brittle. Flame correction method is to use local heating flame to correct the deformation, the effect is great, but will cause additional stress. Therefore, the structure is smaller and less deformation with cold method is better, in the larger structure or large deformation, the flame correction method is better.