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青海高寒农牧区气候寒冷,采暖周期较长,传统燃煤采暖对当地独特生态环境具有重要影响。青海地区太阳能资源丰富,利用主被动式太阳能采暖是解决上述问题有效途径。本文以青海省互助县哈拉直沟乡新添堡村1所新建居住建筑为研究对象,现场实测了该建筑东房(附加蓄热墙和太阳能炕)、西房,中房(中左,中间,中右)以及阳光间采暖季6种房间室内环境逐时变化温度,同时对比研究了5种运行模式下不同类型房间与室外逐时温差分布特性。实测结果表明:东房在5种运行工况下均能有效改善室内热环境;在模式3下,即直接受益窗(白天)+蓄热墙(白天)+太阳能炕(全天运行)运行工况下,东房日平均温度高于室外22.4℃,模式3对于室内环境效果改善最为明显;太阳能炕全天运行能够有效提高室内空气温度,建议太阳能炕全天运行。
Qinghai alpine farming and pasturing area has a cold climate and a long heating cycle. Traditional coal-fired heating has an important impact on the local unique ecological environment. Qinghai area rich in solar energy resources, the use of active and passive solar heating is an effective way to solve the above problems. In this paper, a new residential building in Xintianpu Village, Halazhixiang Township, Huzhu County, Qinghai Province was taken as the research object, and the East Building (additional heat storage wall and solar kang), West Room, Middle and middle right) and the indoor environment of six kinds of rooms during the sunshine warm season, and compared the time-dependent temperature distribution characteristics of different types of rooms under different operation modes. The measured results show that the east house can effectively improve the indoor thermal environment under the five operating conditions. In Mode 3, the direct benefit window (daytime) + heat storage wall (daytime) + solar kang (all day operation) Under the conditions, the average daily temperature of the east house is higher than the outdoor temperature of 22.4 ℃. The mode 3 is the most obvious improvement for the indoor environment. The solar kang can effectively increase the indoor air temperature during the whole day. It is suggested that the solar kang should be operated all day.