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【目的】从油页岩环境中筛选可降解油页岩干酪根的产生物表面活性剂菌株。【方法】从抚顺油页岩矿废水样品中用血平板法初筛,排油圈法、乳化法和表面张力法复筛,获得产生物表面活性剂菌株。对目标菌株进行生理生化鉴定、16S r RNA基因序列和系统发育分析,用薄层色谱鉴定其发酵液表面活性成分,优化产表面活性剂的培养条件,初步考察其对油页岩干酪根的降解能力。【结果】筛选到一株产糖脂表面活性剂菌株B-1,初步鉴定为Pseudomonas sp.,该菌株有良好的排油和乳化能力以及较低的表面张力,可利用烷烃、不饱和脂肪酸和糖类作为碳源。在30-34°C范围内添加0.3%Na Cl的葡萄糖培养基(p H 7.0)中该菌生长旺盛,发酵液表面张力最低为27 m N/m。菌株B-1在添加一定量葡萄糖的无机盐培养基中作用30 d后对干酪根的降解率为2.85%,高于不添加葡萄糖无机盐培养基对照组的降解率(1.04%)。【结论】菌株B-1是一株性能良好的产糖脂表面活性剂细菌,有降解干酪根的潜力。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen biogenic surfactant strains of degradable kerogen from oil shale environment. 【Method】 From the samples of Fushun oil shale mine wastewaters, the primary products were screened by the blood plate method, the oil drain method, the emulsification method and the surface tension method. Physiological and biochemical identification of the target strain, 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis, TLC identification of the fermentation broth surface active ingredients, optimization of surfactant culture conditions, preliminary study of the oil shale kerogen degradation ability. 【Result】 A strain B-1 producing lipophilic lipophilic surfactant was screened and identified as Pseudomonas sp., Which has good ability of degreasing and emulsifying as well as low surface tension. It can utilize alkane, unsaturated fatty acid and Sugars as carbon source. The strain grew vigorously in glucose medium (p H 7.0) supplemented with 0.3% NaCl in the range of 30-34 ° C. The minimum surface tension of the fermentation broth was 27 m N / m. Strain B-1 degraded kerogen after treated for 30 d in inorganic salt medium with a certain amount of glucose, which was 2.85% higher than that of glucose-free medium (1.04%). 【Conclusion】 Strain B-1 is a good glycolipid-producing bacterium with the potential of degrading kerogen.