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目的了解济南市城区社区居民骨质疏松症患病情况,分析相关危险因素及保护因素,为骨质疏松防治工作提供技术依据。方法选取济南市历城区5个社区,对社区居民通过问卷调查获得年龄、性别、生活方式相关因素及骨质疏松危险因素等。用超声骨密度仪进行骨密度检测,并采用世界卫生组织标准将人群分为3类:骨量正常、骨量减少和骨质疏松。计量资料采用方差分析;计数资料采用χ~2检验,危险因素的筛选采用多因素logistic回归。采用统计学软件SPSS 20.0进行分析。结果 507名调查对象中,随着年龄的增长居民骨质疏松患病率增加,<50岁组骨质疏松检出率为2.53%,50~60岁组检出率为16.55%,>60岁组为28.57%,不同年龄调查对象之间检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性骨质疏松检出率为18.37%,女性为16.33%,男女之间差异无统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示年龄、服用激素、运动状况与男性骨质疏松关系密切,而年龄、轻微碰撞、钙奶摄入、维生素D(VD)摄入和运动状况与女性骨质疏松关系密切,差异有统计学意义。结论济南市居民骨质疏松患病率随年龄增加而升高,运动、钙奶及维生素D摄入等具有保护作用。应采取综合干预措施,预防和减缓骨质疏松的发生。
Objective To understand the prevalence of osteoporosis in community residents in urban areas of Jinan City, analyze related risk factors and protective factors, and provide technical basis for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods Five communities in Licheng District of Jinan City were selected. Age, sex, lifestyle factors and risk factors of osteoporosis were obtained from questionnaires of community residents. Bone mineral density was measured with an ultrasonic bone densitometer and the population was divided into three categories using the WHO criteria: normal bone mass, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. The measurement data were analyzed by ANOVA; count data were tested byχ ~ 2 test, multivariate logistic regression was used to screen the risk factors. Using statistical software SPSS 20.0 for analysis. Results Among 507 subjects, the prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 2.53% in <50 years old group, 16.55% in 60-60 years old group, and> 60 years Group was 28.57%. There was significant difference in the detection rate among different age groups (P <0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in males was 18.37% and females was 16.33%. There was no significant difference between males and females. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, taking hormone, and exercise status were closely related to osteoporosis in men, while age, slight collision, intake of calcium milk, vitamin D (VD) intake and exercise status were closely related to female osteoporosis, The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in Jinan residents increased with age, and exercise, calcium milk and vitamin D intake had a protective effect. Should take comprehensive interventions to prevent and slow down the occurrence of osteoporosis.