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近半个世纪中国的治国理念发生了与时俱进的变化,“建立和谐社会”便是这一变化的中心内容。“和谐社会是总结新中国成立以来正反两方面的实践经验以及世界从冲突走向和平。从冷战走向对话的大背景下提出的。也是中国传统文化在中国现代治国理念中的具体体现。西方文明的传统更多的是强调冲突和斗争：而中国文明的传统则更多强调对话和和谐。在西方的传统中,神人二分的关系占据主导地位,神是造物主、立法者、审判官和救世主。宇宙万物包括人都是被上帝造的。自然、社会和道德律都只能按照上帝定下的法则运转．世界上任何行为都被上帝的眼睛记录下来,以备世界末日时上帝的审判或救赎之用。所以西方人信仰上帝、醉心于探索或遵循法则、接受洗礼(到教堂洗去身上的“原罪”)、死后等候上帝帮助复活,这些都是被动的,无可奈何的。中国人信仰的是天人合一,天地代表宇宙万物及其规律,良心代表个体生命和伦理道德,但两者是合一的。即“天地良心”。西方人相信上帝为宇宙万物制定和谐,但上帝与宇宙万物之间却不能实现和谐；中国人相信宇宙万物之间存在自然的和谐,是天、地、人之间共同演化而成的和谐。所以西方人强调要实现和谐必须依赖像上帝这样的绝种外在的神圣者。如自然界的规律,社会生活中的法律和上帝赋予人内在的道德律。而中国人强调要实现和谐必须依赖人的内心的自省。从这种比较关系来看,在创建和谐社会方面,中国传统文化的资源是极其丰富的。因此。中西两种文化皆有自己的长处和短处,怎样扬长避短。发挥人的主观因素和社会的客观因素,是我们创建和谐社会中的一个重要议题。故此,本栏目每期拟请两位海内外学人,就其共同关心的“和谐”总议题下的某个子议题展开对话。和谐是天下大事,理应天下人议之。单纯
Nearly half a century China’s governing philosophy has undergone changes with the times. “Building a harmonious society” is the centerpiece of this change. “A harmonious society is a summary of both positive and negative practical experiences since the founding of New China and the world’s transition from conflict to peace. It is set forth in the general context of the Cold War toward dialogue as well as a concrete manifestation of China’s traditional culture in the concept of managing state affairs in China. More often emphasizes conflicts and struggles: the tradition of Chinese civilization places more emphasis on dialogue and harmony, and in the Western tradition, divine divinity dominates and God is the creator, legislator, judge, and savior All things in the universe, including man, are made by God, and laws of nature, society, and morality can only operate in accordance with the law God has laid down in. Any act of the world is recorded in God’s eye for the judgment of God at the end of the world, or Therefore, Westerners who believe in God, are absorbed in exploring or obeying the law, receiving baptism (going to church to wash away the ”original sin“) and waiting for God to help them after death, are passive and helpless. Is the unity of man and nature, heaven and earth represent the universe and its laws, conscience on behalf of individual life and ethics, but the two are together One is the ”conscience of heaven and earth.“ Westerners believe that God makes harmony for all things in the universe, but God can not achieve harmony with everything in the universe. Chinese believe that there is a natural harmony among all things in the universe, that is, heaven, earth, man Therefore, Westerners emphasize that the realization of harmony must rely on extinct external gods like God, such as the laws of nature, the laws of social life and God’s inner moral law, while the Chinese Emphasizing that in order to achieve harmony we must rely on the inner self-examination of people.From this comparative perspective, in the creation of a harmonious society, China’s traditional culture is extremely rich in resources.Therefore, both Chinese and Western cultures have their own strengths and weaknesses, How to play a better role in preventing weaknesses and giving play to the subjective factors of man and social objective factors are important topics in creating a harmonious society so that each section of this section will invite two scholars at home and abroad to discuss the general topic of ”harmony" Under a sub-topic dialogue. Harmony is a major event in the world, it should be the world.