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目的了解2001-2008年上报的急性农药中毒发病状况,为控制和减少湖南省急性农药危害提供科学决策的信息支持。方法运用回顾性职业流行病学调查方法,将上报的急性农药中毒信息进行综合分析,分别统计各年度、地区、性别、年龄和农药品种中生产性中毒和非生产性中毒发病状况。结果2001-2008年期间,湖南省共上报急性农药中毒病例2910例,其中生产性中毒763例,死亡19例,病死率2.49%,非生产性中毒2147例,死亡424例,病死率19.74%;男性患者1585例,死亡232例,女性患者1325例,死亡211例;农药品种以杀虫剂居首(2582例)占88.73%。结论湖南省急性农药中毒危害不容忽视,预防的重点是合理地使用农药,逐步加强农药购销管理,提高广大农村人群职业安全卫生的宣传教育。
Objective To understand the incidence of acute pesticide poisoning reported in 2001-2008 and to provide scientific information for the control and reduction of the acute pesticide damage in Hunan Province. Methods The retrospective occupational epidemiological survey method was used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of reported acute pesticide poisoning information. The incidence of productive and unproductive poisoning in each year, region, sex, age and pesticide variety were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 2910 cases of acute pesticide poisoning were reported in Hunan Province from 2001 to 2008, of which 763 were productive and 19 were fatal, with a mortality rate of 2.49%. There were 2147 cases of nonproductive poisoning and 424 deaths with a mortality rate of 19.74%. There were 1585 male patients with 232 deaths, 1325 female patients and 211 deaths. Pesticides accounted for 88.73% of the total pesticides (2582 cases). Conclusions The damage of acute pesticide poisoning in Hunan Province should not be neglected. The prevention should focus on the rational use of pesticides, and gradually strengthen the management of pesticide purchase and sale so as to improve the publicity and education of occupational safety and hygiene in the vast rural population.