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本文利用Hotelling模型讨论集群式供应链环境下的企业选址问题,寻找在二次消费者旅行成本情形下的内点解均衡,结果发现:供应商集群程度越高,下游企业间选址及上下游企业间选址越集中;零售商采购运输费率越高,下游企业间选址及上下游企业间选址越集中;在分散式供应商集群情形下,消费者旅行费率越高,下游企业间选址越分散,上下游企业间选址越集中;集群作为均衡并没有给下游企业带来更高利润,但是消费者福利增加了。基于分析结果,上游产业集群有利于加速下游产业集群,电子商务与第三方物流的发展总体上不利于产业集群的形成。
This paper uses Hotelling model to discuss the problem of enterprise location in cluster supply chain environment and find the solution of the interior solution in the case of quadratic consumer travel costs. The result shows that the higher the supplier cluster, The more concentrated the locations among the downstream enterprises; the higher the retailer’s purchasing and transportation rates, the more concentrated the locations among the downstream enterprises and the locations among the upstream and downstream enterprises; in the case of decentralized supplier clusters, the higher the consumers’ travel rates, the lower reaches The more scattered among enterprises, the more concentrated among the upstream and downstream enterprises. The cluster as a balance did not bring higher profits to downstream enterprises, but the welfare of consumers increased. Based on the analysis results, the upstream industry cluster is conducive to accelerating the downstream industry cluster. The development of e-commerce and the third-party logistics is generally not conducive to the formation of industrial clusters.