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目的分析2012-2014年淮安市境外输入性疟疾病例特点,为制订针对性的防控策略提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2012-2014年淮安市疟疾疫情网络直报和专报系统的境外输入性疟疾病例流行病学调查资料。结果2012-2014年淮安市境外输入性疟疾病例呈逐年上升趋势,且感染虫种呈现多样性,全市共报告境外输入性疟疾112例,其中恶性疟99例(占88.39%),卵形疟7例(占6.25%),间日疟、三日疟和混合感染各2例(占1.79%),均为实验室确诊病例。112例境外输入性疟疾病例中,110例(占98.21%)为赴非洲务工人员。病例均为男性青壮年,多从事野外建筑业,无明显季节性。患者自发病到确诊时间的中位数为1.5 d,最长为53 d,12例(占10.71%)病例在24 h内被确诊。17例(占15.18%)病例初次就诊时被诊断为其他疾病。病例确诊后规范治疗率为100%。结论需加强医务人员的业务培训、出境人员健康教育和高疟区回归人员的疟疾筛查,提高首诊医生对从非洲等高疟区回国人员疟疾诊断意识,以杜绝二代病例发生。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of imported malaria cases outside Huai’an City from 2012 to 2014 so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on epidemiological data of malaria cases imported from overseas during the reporting period from 2009 to 2014 in Huai’an. Results In 2012-2014, the number of imported malaria cases outside Huai’an City increased year by year with diversity of infected worms. The city reported a total of 112 imported malaria cases, of which 99 cases were falciparum falciparum (88.39%), oval-shaped malaria 7 Cases (6.25%), Vivax malaria, Plasmodium malaria and two cases of mixed infections (1.79%) were laboratory confirmed cases. Among 112 cases of imported malaria imported abroad, 110 cases (98.21%) were migrant workers in Africa. Cases are male young adults, mostly in the field of construction industry, no obvious seasonal. The median time from diagnosis to diagnosis was 1.5 days and the longest was 53 days. 12 cases (10.71%) were diagnosed within 24 hours. Seventeen (15.18%) cases were diagnosed with other diseases on initial visit. After the diagnosis of cases of standard treatment rate was 100%. Conclusion The training of medical personnel, the health education of outbound personnel and the malaria screening of returnees in areas with high malaria should be strengthened so as to raise the awareness of the first clinician in diagnosing malaria among returnees from areas with high levels of malaria in Africa so as to prevent the occurrence of second-generation cases.