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1949年10月1日,中华人民共和国中央人民政府在北京成立。邮电部成为主管邮电通信事务的政务院(后改名为国务院)序列之一。大陆的邮政通信管理由邮电部内设的邮政总局负责。迁往台湾的国民党当局,也在台“交通部”下,沿袭旧制,
On October 1, 1949, the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China was established in Beijing. The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications became one of the series of the State Council (later renamed the State Council) in charge of post and telecommunications services. The postal communications administration in mainland China is under the responsibility of the post office set up by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. The Kuomintang authorities moving to Taiwan also follow the old system under the “Ministry of Communications”