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本文简述了铸铁的发展史,指出孕育是铸铁发展的里程碑。作者认为,孕育的实质是增加铸铁的共晶团数,而共晶团数则与铸铁的一定石墨形态相对应。为此,作者提出了共晶团数与铸铁的石墨形态以及抗拉强度对应关系的示意图。 作者把稀土在铸铁中的主要作用归结为变质作用。根据国内外的大量研究,作者着重指出,稀士在球墨铸铁、蠕墨铸铁和灰铸铁中具有突出的生核作用。只要加入量适当,稀土在铸铁中的变质行为是富有成效的,是独特的,是任何其它元素所不能取代的。因此,作者认为,稀土在生产球墨铸铁、蠕墨铸铁和高强度灰铸铁中具有广阔的应用前景。
This article outlines the history of the development of cast iron and points out that gestation is a milestone in the development of cast iron. The author believes that the essence of inoculation is to increase the number of eutectic cast iron, while the number of eutectic cast iron is consistent with a certain graphite form. To this end, the authors propose a schematic diagram of the relationship between the number of eutectic clusters and graphite morphology and tensile strength of cast iron. The author attributed the main role of rare earth in cast iron to metamorphism. According to a large number of studies both at home and abroad, the author emphasizes that rare earths have a prominent nucleation effect in ductile iron, vermicular graphite iron and gray iron. As long as the proper amount of addition, the deterioration of rare earth in cast iron is fruitful, unique, and irreplaceable by any other element. Therefore, the authors believe that rare earth in the production of ductile iron, vermicular graphite iron and high-strength gray cast iron has broad application prospects.