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目的研究郑州市40岁以上人群卒中患病率及其常见危险因素的城乡流行现状。方法以社区为基本单位进行整群抽样,纳入符合要求的郑州市40岁以上常住人口11 366例,采集人口学、卒中危险因素、既往用药、体格检查和实验室检查等信息,用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析卒中及其常见危险因素的城乡差异。结果从2013年12月至2014年3月共纳入11 366例社区居民,其中卒中患者344例,卒中标化患病率农村高于城市(3.3%vs 2.5%,Z=-2.649,P=0.004),逐步调整各项影响因素后,卒中的患病率与居住地为农村呈正相关(OR 1.77,95%CI 1.31~2.38)。心房颤动、明显超重或肥胖、缺乏运动和既往发生过短暂性脑缺血发作的比例农村低于城市(P<0.001),吸烟比例农村高于城市(P<0.001)。结论郑州市卒中及其危险因素的城乡差异显著,卒中防控工作应当针对当地卒中防控的薄弱环节,制订更有针对性的卒中社区防治策略。
Objective To study the prevalence of urban and rural areas in stroke prevalence and common risk factors in people over 40 in Zhengzhou City. Methods Based on community sampling, a total of 11 366 residents aged over 40 in Zhengzhou were enrolled in this study. Demographic data, risk factors for stroke, previous medication, physical examination and laboratory tests were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of urban and rural differences in stroke and its common risk factors. Results From December 2013 to March 2014, a total of 11 366 community residents were enrolled, including 344 stroke patients. The prevalence of stroke was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (3.3% vs 2.5%, Z = -2.649, P = 0.004 ). After adjusting for various factors, the prevalence of stroke was positively correlated with the place of residence in rural areas (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.38). Atrial fibrillation was significantly overweight or obese, with a lack of exercise and a history of previous transient ischemic attacks in rural areas than in rural areas (P <0.001), with smoking rates higher in rural areas than in urban areas (P <0.001). Conclusions There is a significant difference between urban and rural areas in stroke and its risk factors in Zhengzhou. Stroke prevention and control work should be directed at the weaknesses in local stroke prevention and control, and a more targeted prevention and control strategy for stroke community should be formulated.