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目的分析连云港市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对连云港市2009-2013年AFEI资料进行分析。结果 2009-2013年连云港共报告AEFI病例4 893例,报告发生率为3.87/万,其中一般反应和异常反应的报告发生率分别为3.49/万和0.37/万,未出现接种差错和疫苗质量事故;临床诊断以发热/红肿/硬结和过敏性反应为主;AEFI病例中无细胞百白破疫苗引起的AEFI构成比最高,占39.87%,男女性别比为1.63∶1,病例主要发生在≤1岁组人群,占67.32%;夏季(6-8月份)报告病例最多,占35.25%,冬季最少,占14.69%;82.77%的AEFI在接种后1d发生。结论连云港市AEFI监测系统运转正常,疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量良好,但在加强AEFI被动监测的同时,可探索性开展主动监测。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected adverse immunization (AEFI) in Lianyungang and to evaluate the safety of vaccines and the quality of vaccination services. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of AFEI from 2009 to 2013 in Lianyungang City. Results A total of 4 893 AEFI cases were reported in Lianyungang from 2009 to 2013, with a reported incidence of 3.87 per 10 000. The incidences of general and abnormal reactions were reported as 3.49 per 10,000 and 0.37 per 100,000 respectively. There were no vaccination errors and vaccine quality accidents ; Clinical diagnosis of fever / inflamed / induration and allergic reactions based; AEFI cases caused by cell-free diphtheria vaccine AEFI constitute the highest proportion, accounting for 39.87%, male to female ratio was 1.63: 1, the cases occurred in ≤ 1 The age group accounted for 67.32% of the total. The most reported cases were summer (June-August), accounting for 35.25% of the total, accounting for 14.69% of the total in winter, while 82.77% of AEFIs occurred on the first day after inoculation. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Lianyungang is in normal operation, the safety of vaccines and the vaccination service are good. However, while the AEFI passive monitoring is being strengthened, the AEFI monitoring system can exploit actively.