Background and Aims: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is one of the leading causes of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. We aimed to establish a prognostic model to evaluate the 1-year survival of cirrhosis patients after the first episode of SBP. Methods: A prognostic model was de-veloped based on a retrospective derivation cohort of 309 cirrhosis patients with first-ever SBP and was validated in a separate validation cohort of 141 patients. We used Uno\'s concordance, calibration curve, and decision curve (DCA) analysis to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clin-ical net benefit of the model. Results: A total of 59 (19.1％) patients in the derivation cohort and 42 (29.8％) patients in the validation cohort died over the course of 1 year. A prognostic model in nomogram form was developed with predictors including age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.25; 95％ con-fidence interval (CI): 0.92-1.71], total serum bilirubin (HR: 1.66; 95％ CI: 1.28-2.14), serum sodium (HR: 0.94; 95％ CI: 0.90-0.98), history of hypertension (HR: 2.52; 95％ CI: 1.44-4.41) and hepatic encephalopathy (HR: 2.06; 95％ CI: 1.13-3.73). The nomogram had a higher concordance (0.79) compared with the model end-stage liver disease (0.67) or Child-Turcotte-Pugh (0.71) score. The nomogram also showed acceptable calibration (calibration slope, 1.12; Bier score, 0.15±0.21) and optimal clinical net benefit in the validation cohort. Conclusions: This prediction model de-veloped based on characteristics of first-ever SBP patients may benefit the prediction of patients\' 1-year survival.