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语言和思维是不可分割的,语法与逻辑是密切相关的。研究语法的专家有时考虑逻辑太少,有的语法著作存在不少逻辑缺陷。编在初中语文课本里的《汉语知识》就有这样的情况。下面着重就划分方面的问题试作商榷。一、“中心浯”能跟主语、谓语、宾语并列吗? 课本从开始讲实词就提到“中心语”,同定语并列(第二册第257页)。讲句子成分时,又说“句子的基本成分有主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语和中心语”(第三册第301页)。且不谈“中心语”属于不属于基本成分,单说“中心语”能同什么并列,不能同什么并列。一个属概念包含若干种概念,各个种概念的总和等于属概念;属种关系不同的概念不能相加,也
Language and thinking are indivisible, and grammar and logic are closely related. Experts who study grammar sometimes consider too little logic, and some grammar books have many logical flaws. This is the case with “Chinese knowledge” compiled in the junior high school Chinese textbooks. The following discussion on the issue of division of deliberation. First, the “center 浯” can be the subject, predicate, object in parallel it? Textbook from the beginning to speak of the “center language”, with the attributive (Volume II page 257). When we say sentence elements, we say “the basic elements of sentences are subject, predicate, object, complement, attribute, adverbial and central language” (Book III, p. 301). Not to mention “central language” is not part of the basic composition, saying that the “central language” can be tied with what, can not be tied with what. A genus concept contains several concepts, the sum of each concept is equal to genus concept; the concept of genus relationship can not be added, but also