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权利二重性是理解30年来农民自杀率变迁逻辑及其区域差异现象的重要理论视角。其中,权利启蒙论认为,分田到户以来,市场改变了资源的代际分配结构,农民的权利意识不断被启蒙,农民的行为逻辑逐渐从义务本位向权利本位转变,从而引发了农民家庭权力结构和家庭伦理秩序的适应性调整,使农民自杀现象在社会转型期得以凸显。权利规约论认为,农民的权利表达一旦失去有效的规约机制,就有可能在农村社会形成不利于老年人的自杀秩序;而如果能够得到村庄内部结构性力量的有效规约,农民代际之间的权利与义务关系就会在新的水平上达成均势状态,农民的自杀率随之就会出现明显的下降现象。
The duality of rights is an important theoretical perspective for understanding the logic of the vicissitudes of peasant suicide rates over the past 30 years and their regional differences. Among them, the right of enlightenment theory believes that since the sub-field home, the market has changed the structure of intergenerational distribution of resources, farmers are constantly being enlightened awareness of the rights of farmers, farmers gradually change their logic of responsibility from the obligation to the right standard, which led to peasant family power The adaptive adjustment of structure and family ethical order has made peasant suicide noticeable during the social transition. According to the statute of rights, if farmers lose their effective statute mechanism, they may form suicide order in rural areas that is unfavorable to the elderly. If they can get the effective statute of the structural forces within the village, The relationship between rights and obligations will reach a state of equilibrium on the new level, and the rate of suicide among peasants will obviously decrease afterwards.