目的分析不同孕周非医学指征剖宫产与新生儿结局的关系,以期为临床选择最佳终止妊娠时机提供参考。方法回顾性分析第三军医大学西南医院2007年12月至2013年12月行非医学指征剖宫产2 668例,按终止妊娠时间分为4组,A组:38周>孕周≥37周,253例;B组:39周>孕周≥38周,1 268例;C组:40周>孕周≥39周,815例;D组:41周>孕周≥40周,332例。采用SPSS17.0统计软件对不同孕周非医学指征剖宫产新生儿结局进行统计学分析。结果 4组中C组新生儿不良事件发生率最低,与C组比较各组新生儿呼吸系统疾病发生率、低血糖发生率、新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)入住率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 40周>孕周≥39周为最佳择期剖宫产终止妊娠时机。 Objective To analyze the relationship between cesarean section and neonatal outcome of non-medical indications at different gestation weeks in order to provide a reference for choosing the best timing of termination of pregnancy in clinical practice. Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on 2 668 cesarean sections in Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University between December 2007 and December 2013. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the time of termination of pregnancy. Group A: 38 weeks> gestational age≥37 Weeks, 253 cases; Group B: 39 weeks> Weeks ≥38 weeks, 1 268 cases; Group C: 40 weeks> Weeks 39 weeks, 815 cases; Group D: Week 41> Weeks> 40 weeks, 332 cases . SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to analyze the neonatal outcome of cesarean section in non-medical gestational weeks. Results The incidence of neonatal adverse events in group C was the lowest among the four groups. The incidence of neonatal respiratory diseases, incidence of hypoglycemia, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) occupancy rate in each group were significantly lower than those in group C There was statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion 40 weeks> gestational age ≥39 weeks is the best time to terminate cesarean section.