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SH40是目前我国华北地区主要应用的苹果矮化砧木。生产中冬季假植的SH40中间砧苹果苗木春季土壤解冻后往往出现中间砧段率先失水褶皱、随后整株失水现象,对生产极为不利。该研究以一年生冬季休眠期红富士/SH40/八棱海棠为试材,探究SH40中间砧苹果苗木休眠期假植中间砧段率先失水原因。结果表明:SH40中间砧苗木休眠期假植中间砧段率先失水与中间砧自身的品种特性关系不大;根系蒸腾是导致中间砧段率先失水褶皱的主要原因,当根系缺水,蒸腾量较大时,导管内部形成水势差,迫使中间砧水分逆向运移至根部。根系越庞大,中间砧段失水速率越快,失水褶皱情况越严重。失水率达20%是中间砧及接穗能够复水成活的阈值,超出阈值苗木即不能成活。
SH40 is currently the main apple dwarfing rootstocks in North China. In the production of winter leave-planted SH40 stump apple seedlings in spring soil thawed after the middle anvils tend to be the first loss of water folds, followed by whole plant water loss, the production is extremely unfavorable. In this study, the annual winter dormant period Fuji / SH40 / Pali Begonia as the material, to explore the SH40 stump apple seedlings dormant period of planting the anvils the first cause of water loss. The results showed that: SH40 intermediate anvil seedling dormancy intermediate anvils section of the antecedent lost water and the characteristics of the middle of the anvil has little to do with the root transpiration is the leading cause of the middle anvils folds of the first water-loss folds, when the root system of water, transpiration Larger, the water pipe within the formation of potential difference, forcing the anvil moisture in the reverse migration to the root. The larger the root system, the middle anvils water loss rate faster, the more serious water loss folds. The water loss rate of 20% is the threshold for rejuvenation of the intermediate anvil and the scion, beyond which seedlings can not survive.