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Objective: To determine whether expansion of the CAG repeat in exon 1 of the AR gene is correlated with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in Iranian infertile men. Methods: The CAG repeat length was investigated in 307 Iranian men, 104 infertile men with NOA and 203 fertile controls, using primers flanking the CAG repeat region in exon 1 of the AR gene. Results: The most common allele in the patients and controls was 23 (18.39%) and 21 (19.70%) CAG repeats with the mean number of (21.970±2.772) and (21.100±2.674), respectively (P=0.013). Conclusion: Although our results indicate a significant negative correlation between the length of CAG repeat and male infertility, however, other genetic modifiers may be required in order to cause male infertility.