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目的:探讨卵巢过度刺激综合征（ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome，OHSS）并发血栓的高危因素、预防、治疗及预后。方法:对青岛大学附属医院生殖医学科1例行控制性超促排卵（controlled ovarian hyperstimulation，COH）诱发重度OHSS并发颅内血栓的患者的治疗过程进行分析报道。结果:患者经颅内取栓、抗凝、合并症处理后顺利康复，再经2次冻融胚胎移植顺利分娩1名健康男婴。结论:重度OHSS并发血栓形成是COH过程中罕见却极其严重的并发症，甄别OHSS的高危因素、妥当处理合并症、个体化用药预防OHSS发生的最佳方案。“,”Objective:To discuss the high risk factors, preventions, treatments and prognosis of thrombosis after ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).Methods:The data of one case of severe OHSS complicated with intracranial thrombus induced by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were analyzed.Results:After the treatment of intracranial thrombectomy, anticoagulation and complications, the patient recovered successfully, and then gave birth to a healthy baby boy after twice frozen-thawed embryo transplantation.Conclusion:Severe OHSS complicated with thrombosis is a rare but extremely serious complication in the course of COH. It is the best way to prevent OHSS to identify the high risk factors, properly handle the complications and individualized medication.