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目的了解开封市顺河区2011-2014年法定报告传染病发病水平及流行特征,为制定防控对策提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对四年的法定报告传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2011-2014年顺河区共报告法定报告传染病21种5 211例,死亡8例,总发病率为565.27/10万,总死亡率为0.87/10万。无甲类传染病报告。报告乙类传染病15种2 507例,死亡7例,发病率为271.95/10万,死亡率为0.76/10万。发病呈逐年下降趋势,以病毒性肝炎、肺结核、梅毒、猩红热和痢疾为主,共占97.45%。报告丙类传染病6种2 704例,死亡1例,发病率为293.32/10万,死亡率为0.11/10万。发病基本呈逐年上升趋势,以手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病和流行性腮腺炎为主,共占95.19%。结论丙类传染病是影响顺河区法定报告传染病分布的重要因素,乙类传染病是威胁当地居民生命的主要传染病。肠道传染病、血源及性传播传染病和呼吸道传染病是该区传染病防治的重点。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of statutory reported communicable diseases in Shunhe District of Kaifeng City from 2011 to 2014, and to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of four-year statutory infectious disease epidemic. Results A total of 21,111 statutory reported communicable diseases were reported in Shunhe District from 2011 to 2014, with 8 deaths. The total incidence rate was 565.27 / 100,000 and the total mortality rate was 0.87 / 100,000. No Class A infectious disease report. There were 2,507 15 kinds of B infectious diseases reported, of which 7 died. The incidence was 271.95 per 100 000 and the death rate was 0.76 per 100 000. The incidence showed a downward trend year by year, with viral hepatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, scarlet fever and dysentery, accounting for 97.45%. There were 6,704 kinds of 6 kinds of Category C infectious diseases reported, one of which died, with a morbidity of 293.32 / 100,000 and a death rate of 0.11 / 100,000. The incidence basically showed an upward trend year by year, with hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea and mumps-based, accounting for 95.19%. Conclusions Category C infectious diseases are an important factor affecting the distribution of statutory reported infectious diseases in Shunhe District. Category B infectious diseases are the major infectious diseases that threaten the lives of local residents. Intestinal infectious diseases, blood and sexually transmitted infections and respiratory diseases is the focus of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in the area.