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19世纪60年代,随着西方资本主义工业文明的侵入,旧有的幕府统治面临着深重的危机。面对内外交困的局面,中下级武士中的有识之士联合与幕府有矛盾的西南强藩和皇室公卿,推翻了腐朽不堪的幕府统治,建立起了以明治天皇为首的明治政府。新生的明治政权在文化上推行“文明开化”政策,通过学习欧美异质文明,从而对明治维新时期的民族文化进行建构。明治维新时期的民族文化建构促进了日本民众思想的解放,为明治政府顺利地推行各项维新政策奠定了文化基石。
In the 1860s, with the invasion of western industrial capitalism of capitalism, the old shogunate government faced a profound crisis. In the face of internal and external difficulties, people of insight in subordinate and subordinate warriors unite with southwestern Qiangfan and imperial Gongqing, which have contradictions with the shogunate, overthrowing the decadent shogunate government and establishing the Meiji government headed by the Emperor Meiji. The new Meiji regime promoted the “civilized and civilized” policy in culture and constructed the national culture through the study of European and American heterogeneous civilizations. The construction of national culture in the Meiji Restoration promoted the liberation of Japanese people and laid the cultural foundation for the Meiji administration to successfully implement various reform policies.