目的探讨早期乳腺癌患者行保乳手术和根治手术效果的区别,以及保乳手术的应用价值。方法选择2007年3月至2010年6月间就诊的早期乳腺癌患者60例,30例患者实施改良根治手术,30例患者实施保乳手术,比较两组患者手术指标、术后3年的局部复发、远处转移和生存情况,并比较两组患者手术美容满意度。结果保乳组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间以及并发症发生率上均明显优于根治组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。保乳组与根治组治疗效果相近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。保乳组患者美容满意度高达96.7%,明显优于根治组患者的43.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论保乳手术与改良根治手术的治疗效果相近,但外观影响小,美容满意度高,临床允许的情况下可以考虑优先实施。 Objective To explore the difference between breast-conserving surgery and radical surgery in patients with early-stage breast cancer and the value of breast-conserving surgery. Methods Sixty patients with early-stage breast cancer were selected from March 2007 to June 2010. Thirty patients underwent modified radical mastectomy. Thirty patients underwent breast-conserving surgery. Surgical indexes of the two groups were compared. Three years after operation, Recurrence, distant metastasis and survival, and compared the cosmetic satisfaction of two groups of patients. The results of breast-conserving group of patients in the operation time, blood loss, hospital stay and complications were significantly better than the radical group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Breast-conserving group and radical treatment group were similar, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Breast-care group of patients with cosmetic satisfaction was 96.7%, significantly better than the radical group of 43.3%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The effect of breast-conserving surgery and modified radical mastectomy is similar, but the effect of appearance is small and cosmetic satisfaction is high. If the clinical permission is given, priority should be given to the implementation.