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目的探讨学龄期注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿父母婚姻冲突、严厉管教与自我意识的关系。方法选取103例ADHD患儿(ADHD组)及103名一般情况匹配的正常儿童(对照组)进行儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、儿童感知婚姻冲突量表(CIPC)及自制的严厉管教方式问卷调查。结果 ADHD组患儿PHCSS总分及各因子分均低于对照组(P<0.05),CPIC冲突频率、冲突强度、冲突解决、自我归因、冲突内容因子分和父母严厉管教各因子分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。ADHD组CPIC冲突强度、冲突解决、冲突内容与PHCSS总分呈负相关(P<0.05);严厉管教方式中父亲体罚与PHCSS总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。ADHD组CPIC冲突频率、冲突强度、冲突解决因子分与母亲责骂评分呈正相关(P<0.05);CPIC冲突频率因子分与母亲体罚评分呈正相关(P<0.05);CPIC冲突频率、冲突解决、自我归因因子分与父亲体罚评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示CPIC冲突解决和父亲体罚是ADHD患儿自我意识的重要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 ADHD患儿自我意识低下受到父母婚姻冲突及严厉管教方式的影响;父母婚姻冲突与父母严厉管教方式关系密切。
Objective To investigate the relationship between parents’ marital conflicts, severe discipline and self-awareness in school-age children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods A total of 103 children with ADHD (ADHD group) and 103 normal children (control group) were enrolled in this study. The children’s self-awareness scale (PHCSS), children’s perceived marital conflict scale (CIPC) survey. Results The total score of PHCSS and the scores of each factor in children with ADHD were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05). The frequency of CPIC conflict, intensity of conflict, conflict resolution, self-attribution, conflict content factor and parental strict discipline were all high In the control group (P <0.05). The intensity of CPIC conflict, conflict resolution and content of conflict were negatively correlated with the total score of PHCSS in ADHD group (P <0.05). The corporal punishment was negatively correlated with PHCSS score in severe discipline (P <0.05). The CPIC conflict frequency, conflict intensity and conflict resolution factor were positively correlated with the mother scold score in ADHD group (P <0.05). The CPIC conflict frequency factor was positively correlated with the mother corporal punishment score (P <0.05). CPIC conflict frequency, conflict resolution, self There was a positive correlation between the attributional factors and fathers corporal punishment scores (P <0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that CPIC conflict resolution and corporal punishment of fathers were the important influence factors of ADHD children’s self-awareness (P <0.05). Conclusion The low self-awareness of children with ADHD is affected by the marital conflicts and strict discipline of parents. The marital conflicts of parents are closely related to the strict discipline of parents.