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背景:稳定、有效的先天性脊柱侧弯实验动物模型的建立是深入研究脊柱侧弯继发脊髓损伤的前提和研究分析脊髓损伤机制的有效路径。目的:评估伴有复杂脊髓损伤的先天性脊柱侧弯大白鼠动物模型的稳定性。方法:15只无明显脊髓神经症状的模型大白鼠被置入直径6cm的专用玻璃管中直立状态生活6~10d,建立脊髓损伤合并先天性脊柱侧弯大鼠模型。结果与结论:13只大鼠均表现为双侧后肢瘫,后肢及尾部无活动,对针刺亦无反应,排尿障碍,排便未见明显障碍;所有大鼠都出现双侧后肢及尾部的皮毛枯萎,无光泽,部分开始脱毛。BBB评分平均为7.3±2.2。改良Tarlov评分:0级5只;1级2只;2级4只;3级1只;4级1只;5级0只。影像学观察示:先天性的缺陷遍布脊柱的所有节段;在部分实验动物身上,还发现在侧弯顶点的楔形半椎体和间盘一起向椎管方向移位。组织化学观察示:骨与脊髓滋养血管破坏的先天性缺陷,与脊柱的骨性结构破坏部分对脊髓相应节段造成的压迫是一一对应的;畸形顶点水平,可见血管分布缺失区域,在侧弯顶点水平脊柱静脉丛血管组织的凋亡现象。提示动物模型伴随的复杂脊髓损伤症状与先天性脊柱侧弯患儿临床症状的发展过程相近似,动物模型的可重复率在87%(13/15)。
Abstract BACKGROUND: The establishment of a stable and effective congenital scoliosis animal model is a prerequisite for further study of spinal cord injury secondary to scoliosis and an effective way to study the mechanism of spinal cord injury. Objective: To evaluate the stability of congenital scoliosis rats with complicated spinal cord injury. Methods: Fifteen model rats with no obvious neurological symptoms of spinal cord were placed in a special glass tube with a diameter of 6 cm for 6 to 10 days to establish a rat model of spinal cord injury complicated with congenital scoliosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the 13 rats presented with bilateral hindlimb paralysis, no activity in hindlimb and tail, no reaction to acupuncture, voiding dysfunction and no obvious obstacle in defecation. All the rats had bilateral hind limbs and caudal fur Withered, dull, part of the hair removal. The BBB score averaged 7.3 ± 2.2. Improved Tarlov score: 0 5; 1 2; 4 2; 3 1; 4 1; 5 0. Radiographic observations showed that congenital defects were found in all segments of the spine. In some experimental animals, the wedge-shaped hemivertebra at the apex of the scoliosis was also displaced to the spinal canal together with the disc. Histochemical observation showed that the congenital defect of vascularization of bone and spinal cord was one-to-one corresponding with the oppression caused by the destructive part of bony structure of spinal column on the corresponding segment of spinal cord. The vertex of deformity showed the area with missing vascular distribution. Apical vertebral venous plexus vascular endothelial cell apoptosis phenomenon. It is suggested that the complex spinal cord injury symptoms in animal models are similar to the development of clinical symptoms in congenital scoliosis. The reproducibility rate of animal model was 87% (13/15).