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近年医疗事业显著进步,另一方面又使具有基础疾患、对感染抵抗力减弱的宿主有所增加。这使机会感染(正常寄生菌或弱毒菌所致的感染)在日常诊疗中占居了极重要的地位。饮食生活的欧美化及高龄社会使成为肝、胆道感染症之原因的胆石症有所增加。造成阻塞性黄疸的胰、胆道系统肿瘤的手术、化疗及放疗,使患者处于持续性低抵抗力状态,增加了机会感染,使肝、胆道感染趋于难治。由于不合理地使用广谱化疗出现了菌群交替症及多剂抵抗菌。一、肝、胆道机会感染的发生原因1.宿主方面的原因细菌感染的发生、发展在肝、胆道感染中起很重要的作用。而机会感染则多发生在宿主抵抗力低下时。可分为全身性易感染状态及肝胆道局部因素两
In recent years, the medical profession has made remarkable progress, while on the other hand, it has also increased the number of hosts with underlying diseases and weakened resistance to infection. This makes opportunistic infections (infections caused by normal or weak germs) an extremely important part of routine care. The prevalence of cholelithiasis, which is the cause of liver and biliary tract infections, has been increasing in Europe and the United States in the eating habits and in the advanced age. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy of pancreatic and biliary system tumors that cause obstructive jaundice keep patients in a state of low sustained resistance and increase opportunistic infections, making the infection of the liver and biliary tract more refractory. As a result of unreasonable use of broad-spectrum chemotherapy, there are flora and more antibacterial agents. First, the liver, biliary chance infection causes 1. Host reasons Bacterial infections, the development of liver and biliary tract infections play a very important role. The opportunistic infections occur more often when host resistance is low. Can be divided into systemic infection status and liver and gallbladder local factors two