目的提高对急性白血病并发感染性急性血管内溶血的认识。方法报道1例急性粒-单核细胞白血病并发感染性急性血管内溶血的诊断及治疗经过,并复习相关文献。结果经联合化疗及抗生素、强的松治疗,溶血消失,急性粒-单核细胞白血病完全缓解。结论急性白血病并发急性血管内溶血常为细菌感染所致,在化疗同时,应加强抗感染治疗。 Objective To improve the understanding of acute leukemia complicated with acute intravascular hemolysis. Methods One case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia complicated with acute intravascular hemolysis was diagnosed and treated, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results The combination of chemotherapy and antibiotics, prednisone treatment, disappearance of hemolysis, complete remission of acute myelomonocytic leukemia. Conclusions Acute leukemia complicated by acute intravascular hemolysis is usually caused by bacterial infection. At the same time of chemotherapy, anti-infective therapy should be strengthened.