经局限性开胸肺活检,通过透射电镜观察Ⅰ例隐源性致纤维化肺泡炎患者的肺脏超微结构。其低倍电镜下主要改变为肺泡隔明显增厚,肺泡腔普遍缩小。高倍电镜下观察,肺泡Ⅰ型细胞增厚,细胞表面粗糙,有小突起;肺泡Ⅱ型细胞数量减少,并有变性现象;肺泡毛细血管内皮细胞明显增厚,其细胞核显著肥大;肺泡间质明显加宽,其内胶原纤维大量增生。对其超微结构的特征、以及临床与病理的联系进行了讨论。 By limited open chest biopsy, the ultrastructure of the lung in patients with cryptogenic alveolar fibrosis was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The main changes under low-power electron microscopy were significantly thicker alveolar septa, alveolar cavity generally narrowed. High magnification electron microscopy showed that alveolar type I cells were thickened, the cell surface was rough with small protuberances, the number of alveolar type II cells was reduced, and the phenomenon of degeneration was observed. The alveolar capillary endothelial cells were obviously thickened and their nuclei were markedly enlarged. Widened, a large number of collagen fibers hyperplasia. The ultrastructural features, as well as the clinical and pathological linkages were discussed.