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回顾1997年国内航运市场,几大变化令人关注,它决定了1997年国内航运市场基本走势,而且将影响1998年国内航运市场的发展。 一、政府继续加大对水运市场宏观调控力度 1996年6月交通部发布了《关于进一步加强我国水运市场管理的通知》,此后暂停审批新增运力和新船公司的筹建,对部分船舶投放实行集中管理,在一定程度上抑制了运力增长过快和船公司发展过多过滥的趋势,缓解了运力和运量发展不平衡的矛盾,一年来取得了初步成效。但根据交通部水运市场联合调查组在10省21个口岸城市对218家单位的调查结果表明,国内航运市场仍没有得到根本改善,主要表现为水运企业仍普遍亏损。由于前几年运力投放过多,目前运力仍大于运量,特别是散货运力过剩,导致市场恶性杀价竞争。如秦皇岛至上海的煤炭运价,1995市场运价水平在每吨28～30元,1996年跌至26元左右,1997年降至20～24元左右,运价一路下跌,年跌幅在10％以上。
Recalling the domestic shipping market in 1997, several major changes are of concern. They have decided the basic trend of the domestic shipping market in 1997 and will affect the development of the domestic shipping market in 1998. I. The Government Continues to Strengthen Macro-control over the Water Transport Market In June 1996, the Ministry of Communications issued the “Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of China’s Water Shipping Market”, after which it suspended the examination and approval of the newly-added capacity and the preparation and establishment of new shipping companies, and put some shipping into operation Centralized management, to a certain extent, suppressed the trend of excessively rapid growth of shipping capacity and excessive development of shipping companies, and eased the contradictions between the growth of shipping capacity and shipping volume and achieved initial success in the past year. However, according to the survey conducted by 218 units in 21 port cities of 10 provinces by the Joint Investigation Team of the Ministry of Communications of the shipping market, the domestic shipping market has not yet been fundamentally improved, mainly due to the fact that water transport enterprises are still generally losing money. Due to the excessive delivery of capacity in previous years, the current capacity is still greater than the volume of transport, especially excess bulk cargo capacity, leading to a vicious price bargain hunting in the market. Such as Qinhuangdao coal freight rates to Shanghai in 1995, the market price level of 28 to 30 yuan per ton, down to 26 yuan in 1996, down to 20 to 24 yuan in 1997, the tariffs all the way down, the annual decline of 10% the above.